Abstract

Background: Maternal hyperglycemia is one of the most common complications during pregnancy. It affects about 16% of pregnancies, with gestational diabetes (GD) being responsible in more than 80% of cases. It is the most common complication associated with hyperglycemia during pregnancy and increases the incidence of caesarean section, shoulder dystocia, clavicle fracture, humeral paralysis, and asphyxia in newborns. Objective: This paper aims to diabetic mother control and effectiveness on their newborn baby. Patients and Methods: This study has focused on the assessment of assessment of health outcomes for pregnancy mothers where data were collected from health outcomes for pregnancy mothers in different hospitals in Iraq between 15^th October 2021 to 14^th March 2022, for pregnancy mothers with ages from 24 to 39 years. These data were divided into two kinds of groups where the first one was considered pregnancy women who have diabetes with number 66 cases while the second one was represented control which have 54 cases. A statistical study was conducted for health outcomes for pregnancy mothers using the SPSS program. This paper focused on the impact of diabetes on the mother’s pregnancy as well as the children’s. Discussion: Due to the lack of routine screening for diabetes in the general population in our geographic area. There were no significant differences in acid-base balance parameters in the umbilical cord blood sample at birth between newborns of diabetic mothers and age-matched controls from nondiabetic pregnancies, indicating no significant rate of perinatal hypoxia. In our study, the placenta weights of neonates delivered to women with gestational diabetes were significantly higher than those of neonates born to healthy, non-diabetic mothers. Our study discovered that there were notable differences in the delivery procedure, with cesarean sections predominating in the diabetic group. This may have a significant impact on the relatively decent condition of these children at birth. This study resulted in a significant increase in vaginal operations compared to cesarean sections, as cesarean sections were detected in 44 (66.67%) affected mothers and 38 (70.37%) control mothers, respectively, with a P-value of 0.0439. Conclusion: IDM has a higher prevalence of cardiac and structural abnormalities, and metabolic screening for hypocalcemia, polycythemia, and hyperbilirubinemia should be done. Babies should be closely monitored for any respiratory distress and hypoglycemia.

Keywords

Maternal hyperglycemia; general anesthesia; spinal anesthesia; Caesarean births; Overweight; Prediabetes; and Cleft palate alone.