Sarcouncil Journal of Multidisciplinary

Abstract: Modern cybersecurity challenges to national critical infrastructure indicate the futility of existing security models in the presence of professional nation-state groups and advanced persistent threat organizations. Privilege access management becomes a fundamental pillar of national security policy today, not limited to the traditional perimeter of enterprise security, but to cover infrastructure protection, government services, and classified information infrastructure. Full protection against state-sponsored cyber attacks that leverage privileged accounts to conduct a lateral movement and compromise systems The combination of advanced PAM technologies, such as zero-trust architectures, behavioral analytics, and threat detection by artificial intelligence, can offer comprehensive defense capabilities against state-sponsored cyberattacks that systematically target privileged accounts to access the lateral movement and compromise systems. Critical infrastructure sectors, such as energy, telecommunications, water, transportation, and healthcare, demand specific PAM implementations that can face the peculiar challenges of the convergence between information technology and operational technology and guarantee the resilience of the services through the active presence of a cyber incident. The PAM deployment efforts achieved successful results through intelligence community implementations, which have secured classified information assets in risk management efforts by implementing a multi-level security control, an insider threat mitigation effort, to gain comprehensive auditing capabilities to ensure that only the relevant access to sensitive material is granted according to the clearance level and the necessity of operations.