Sarcouncil Journal of Multidisciplinary

Abstract: Alzheimer's disease presents a growing global healthcare challenge, with traditional diagnostic methods often detecting the condition only after substantial neurodegeneration has occurred. Deep learning approaches applied to neuroimaging offer transformative potential for early detection by identifying subtle brain changes years before clinical symptoms emerge. This article examines how convolutional neural networks and transfer learning techniques analyze structural MRI, functional MRI, and PET scans to detect patterns invisible to human visual inspection. Multimodal integration frameworks combine imaging data with clinical assessments and genetic profiles to create comprehensive patient representations. While large open datasets have accelerated research, significant ethical and implementation challenges remain, including patient privacy considerations, false positive/negative impacts, and psychological implications of early diagnosis, clinical workflow integration, and regulatory approval pathways. The integration of AI-driven neuroimaging analysis into clinical practice could fundamentally shift Alzheimer's treatment paradigms toward earlier intervention when neuronal networks retain greater plasticity, potentially bridging the critical gap between biological disease onset and current diagnostic capabilities.