A Cross-Sectional and Comparative Study of the Effect Types of Anesthesia on Complications for Patients with Hip Fracture in Iraq

Abstract

The incidence of hip fracture increases significantly with age. According to epidemiological studies, the average age of these patients ranged from 75 to 80 years. In our case study, the average age was 75.9 years; 88.2% of those who underwent surgery, for this reason, were over 65 years old. This paper aims to study across a sectional and comparative study of the effect of types of anaesthesia on complications for patients with hip fractures in Iraq. Data were collected retrospectively through reviews of electronic medical records, which included ED admission charts, electronic hospital records, and/or discharge data for all surgery patients for repair and IF in different hospitals in Iraq between 2^nd August 2021 to 6^th October 2022, who were 65 years of age or older, injured from a fall injury or high energy injury, with a delay of entry to injury of less than 48 hours, and who underwent hip surgery. A statistical study was conducted for patients with osteoporosis using the SPSS program. The kind of anaesthetic (TOA) used in hip fracture surgery in older persons is still debatable. In our study, whether regional anaesthesia (RA) or general anaesthesia (GA) is preferable, but the kind of anaesthesia may impact the result after surgery in which patients. After screening 180 consecutive individuals, 110 in the GA group and 70 in the RA group were eventually enrolled. Those who received GA had a shorter operation duration than individuals who received RA (RA: 36 and GA: 34 patients, respectively). We also discovered that the GA group has a larger incidence of problems than the RA group, such as nausea and vomiting, whereas the RA group has a higher risk of cardiac issues (GA: 12 (10.91%), 2 (1.82%), and RA: 16 (22.86%), 5 (7.14%), respectively). There was a significant difference in mortality, functional outcomes, and other comorbidities (all p 0.05). The potential benefit of GA for patients with cardiac disorders and RA for individuals with pulmonary diseases was the study’s clinical breakthrough. In our conclusion, this study found that GA anaesthesia is better than RA anaesthesia in the using during hip fractures operations.