Sarcouncil Journal of Medical Sciences

Abstract: The clinical presentation of glomerular diseases that are related to excessive proteinuria is the appearance of nephrotic syndrome. Inephrolathic nephrotic syndrome is characterized by similarity between a nephrotic syndrome (proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema) and non-specific histology that shows abnormalities of the kidney. We wanted to assess the clinical importance of platelet parameters in the prognosis of new idiopathic nephrotic syndrome diagnosis. This was a prospective control study conducted in the Bint Al-Huda Teaching Hospital within a 1 years (between October 2022 and January 2023). It comprised 50 cases that were well-informed about INS and were presented to the pediatrics consultation clinic as part of the Bint Al-Huda Teaching hospital, and 50 patients were presented to the pediatrics consultation clinic who were already having cough and infections in their upper respiratory tract and were eligible to be included as a control group. Each and every patient was observed regarding the presence of ascites or edema. Investigations encompassed a complete blood count (with platelet parameters), urine dipstick- albumin, 24-hour urine- albumin, serum albumin, renal function test (blood urea and serum creatinine), and serum cholesterol and serum triglyceride. The 24-hour urine protein of the steroid-resistant group of patients with nephrotic syndrome is 8293.83 mg/5632.4 higher than the steroid-sensitive group of patients with nephrotic syndrome (2823.92 mg/2379.33; p=0.001). The range of mean platelet count in the steroid-resistant group of nephrotic syndrome was higher compared with the steroid-sensitive group of nephrotic syndrome (758.14±116.68/microliter vs. 493.36±118.28/microliter, p-value=0.001). Major negative correlations between the mean platelet count and the mean platelet volume (r= -0.503, p=0.003) and major positive correlation between the mean platelet count and the mean plateletocrit (r=0.721, p=0.000) and mean platelet count and mean triglyceride levels were proved in the steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome group. The number of platelets at diagnosis was high in 75% of the steroid-sensitive group of nephrotic syndrome and 100% of the steroid-resistant group of nephrotic syndrome, and statistically significant (p-value=0.021). Higher levels of platelet counts and PCT and low MPV were relatively sensitive prognosticators of steroid resistance among children with newly diagnosed idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. The prognosis of newly diagnosed idiopathic nephrotic syndrome has no statistically significant predictive value of PDW. It is suggested that further research with a bigger sample would help identify and outline the truth of the platelet parameters and how they are linked to the prognosis of the nephrotic syndrome.