Technology Perception

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI), and especially generative AI, is rapidly reshaping labour markets worldwide. This study synthesizes the latest evidence on how AI affects job content, demand, and distribution across sectors and geographies; characterizes who gains and who loses; clarifies the nature of task-level exposure (automation versus augmentation); and reviews employer, policy, and educational responses to manage the transition. Using recent reports from international institutions (IMF, ILO, OECD, WEF), global consultancies (McKinsey, PwC) and peer-reviewed working papers, this article develops an evidence-based taxonomy of impacts, identifies skill and wage dynamics, and proposes practical policy and organizational strategies to maximize inclusive gains from AI while mitigating displacement risks. Key findings: (1) roughly 30–40% of global tasks are estimated to be affected by AI, with higher exposure in advanced economies; (2) AI creates sizeable demand for data, model, and AI-governance roles while increasing premiums for AI-adjacent skills; (3) outcomes depend heavily on reskilling, firm-level redesign, and social policy responses. Recommendations emphasize large-scale, modular reskilling, stronger labour-market institutions for transitions, employer incentives for on-the-job retraining, and regulation to ensure algorithmic fairness in employment decisions