Sarcouncil Journal of Medical Sciences

Abstract: Surgical treatment has changed drastically, with improvements in anesthetic, perioperative care, and surgical methods all being crucial to bettering patient outcomes. This study aims to enroll clinical outcomes after surgery and assess anesthesia's impact on the surgical outcomes of patients. During the follow-up period between March 2023 and May 2024, this study recorded the clinical characteristics and data of 112 patients who underwent surgery under anesthesia at hospitals in Baghdad, Iraq. Surgical outcomes were recorded for all patients who underwent surgeries (including hemorrhoid surgery, kidney stone removal, and thyroid surgery) under general anesthesia, regional anesthesia, and spinal anesthesia. This study recorded post-operative data on patients' complications, length of hospital stay, recovery rate, mortality, and overall quality of life. According to surgical outcomes, a total of 112 patients' surgical data were enrolled in this study. In terms of hemorrhoid outcomes, operative time was 42.2 ± 8.1 min, No. of bleeding got 7.14%, death with 4 cases only under GA, operative time was 39.4 ± 3.7 min under LA, No. of bleeding got 2.68%, death with 2 cases, and SA outcomes found operative time was 37.5 ± 4.4 min under SA, No. of bleeding got 0.89%, death without cases. In terms of kidney stone removal outcomes, operative time was 46.4 ± 5.7 min under GA and 41.2 ± 3.8 under SA, while total thyroidectomy was 61.5 ± 9.7 min under GA. In the evaluation of general health, we found that patients who underwent surgery under GA got the lowest in both of physical function and daily activity, where it indicated 74.36 ± 7.68, while highest in the SA group with 92.23 ± 2.34, daily activity had 73.44 ± 5.95 in GA while rising in SA with 82.27 ± 7.57. Anesthesia plays a pivotal role in the enhancement of surgical outcomes at patients in terms of the development of general health and quality of life