Abstract

Background and objective: The clinical outcomes for patients experiencing left ventricular (LV) dysfunction are unsatisfactory. The present study was conducted with the objective of evaluating the clinical outcomes of patients diagnosed with LVEF who have undergone coronary artery bypass surgery. Methods: The study investigated how people who had left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) deficiencies fared after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Eighty-eight individuals who had CABG surgery and were between the ages of 30 and 60 were included in the data set. From February 2023 to March 2024, different hospitals in Iraq provided the patient data. Duration of operation, mortality rate, length of hospital as well as intensive care unit stay, and complication rate were among the surgical data that were collected. Throughout the one-year surgical follow-up phase, patients were given a questionnaire to complete in order to gauge their quality of life. Results: The present study constitutes an analysis of the clinical findings of 88 patients, with a male-to-female ratio of 72.73% to 27.27%, respectively. The prevalence of current smoking was found to be 70.45%, while a history of stroke was documented in 11.36% of the total patient population. The mean bypass time was 122.42 ± 41.88 minutes, with a mean hospital stay of 9.53 ± 3.1 days. The incidence of perioperative myocardial infarction, renal failure requiring dialysis, low cardiac output syndrome, and mortality was observed to be 5 cases, 5 cases, 6 cases, and 3 cases, respectively. Echocardiographic measurements revealed a decrease in left ventricular internal diameter, measured in centimetres (LVIDd, cm), from 5.2 ± 1.0 cm in the preoperative period to 4.7 ± 1.0 cm in the postoperative period. Meanwhile, left atrial diameter (LAD) exhibited an increase from 4.4 ± 0.6 cm in the preoperative phase to 4.7 ± 4.9 cm in the postoperative phase. In the evaluation of quality of life, it was observed that two factors demonstrated the general health of patients. The physical aspect was measured at 34.18 ± 6.78 before CABG, while the pain aspect was measured at 30.28 ± 9.78 before CABG. Following CABG, these measures increased to 78.11 ± 9.23 and 77.22 ± 6.55, respectively. Conclusion: People who suffer from LVEF have LVIDd decreased, and the LAD increased with CABG. In patients with lower pre-operative LVEF and poor clinical outcomes, CABG was also the best procedure for improving LV systolic function