Abstract

BACKGROUND: Root canal therapy is a common treatment for patients presenting with severely carious or infected pulp tissues. The procedure effectively eliminates all inflamed and infected pulp tissues, thereby providing high healing and preventing the progression of disease and infection. This preserves the function of the tooth that was treated endodontically.AIM:  The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of root canal treatment utilizing hand and rotary instruments on the treatment outcomes of patients. Additionally, the study aims to ascertain the extent of tooth resistance to fracture following treatment during the follow-up period.PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted on patients with inflamed and infected pulp tissues, which include 96 cases within a follow-up, where root canal treatment was conducted on teeth by either rotary and manual instrumentations, in which all patients were monitored at post-6-month, 1-year, and 2-year periods, where tooth survival was determined during year period through assessing whether tooth was in situ in the oral cavity or extracted. Tooth Resistance to Fracture was also measured by the MOHS scale. RESULTS: In terms of Root canal instrumented procedure outcomes, the operative time of the rotary procedure was 97.18 ± 12.40 min, and the manual procedure was 57.18 ± 9.40; intraoperative complications in the rotary group had 4 cases, and intraoperative complications in the manual group had 6 cases. Treatment outcomes of favourable, with 95.83% of patients in the rotary group while 89.58% in the manual group. Also, 50% of patients had favourable treatment in apical periodontitis, and high recovery in pain rates was 10.42% of patients in pre-operative, 97.92% after rotary instrument procedure, and 93.75% of patients after manual instrument procedure. In the assessment of the level of resistance of teeth to fracture at patients in post – Root canal instrumented procedure, severe fracture resistance included 98.96% in patients who underwent rotary instrument procedure and 96.88% in patients who underwent manual instrument procedure. In terms of the Kaplan–Meier survival curve, this curve shown a high recovery of patients, which increases of survival probability in the long term. CONCLUSION: After Root Canal treatment was performed, the rotary instrumentation approach proved to be more effective than the manual instrumentation approach to solving clinical symptoms and encouraging healing around the tip of the tooth’s root. However, both procedures showed successful outcomes in treating severely decayed or infected teeth, resulting in high survival rates of teeth, increased resistance to fracture, improved recovery, and less discomfort