Abstract

Background: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a condition where the femoral head is positioned abnormally due to looseness or improper alignment in the hip joint. Objective: This study analysed clinical outcomes related to screening infants who have DDH using ultrasound techniques. Patients and methods: A clinical outcomes were enrolled data of infant patients suffering from developmental dysplasia of the hip, which included 80 patients less than 80 days old, which were collected from Baghdad – Iraq hospitals within the period ranged from July 7, 2022, to August 25, 2023. These results showed the common types of presentation for infant patients at birth, which included breech cephalic, transverse, and determined hip angles in patients with DDH on the right and left sides. Also, this study was presented an ultrasound technique in discovering of developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants, which shown all of the items, which are sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy. Results: Our results were distributed by frequency of age among infant patients, with patients with an age of less than 20 days having the highest rate (95%). The presentation of infants’ outcomes showed that cephalic was a common factor with 72 cases, breech had 5 cases, and transverse had 3 cases. Our findings detected the most common risk factors by ultrasound technique, which are oligohydramnios, breech, cephalic, limited hip abduction, and congenital muscular torticollis. In addition, our results enrolled clinical outcomes of hip dysplasia based on the Graf scale where the left where alpha was 52.13 ± 4.25, and Beta was 42.02 ± 6.81, which indicates into hip dysplasia in the right side while Alpha was 51.23 ± 3.70 and Beta was 49.46 ± 3.57 which indicate into hip dysplasia in the left side. Conclusion: Our study indicated that ultrasound technology is an influential factor in detecting developmental dysplasia of the hip earlier and with better accuracy, which results in identifying risk factors and treating the disease

Keywords

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH); Ultrasound; Presentation of infants; and Graff classification