Abstract

Background: Gallstones are treated via laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which is regarded as the best method. Prior to surgery, estimating the degree of difficulty might assist in organizing a safe procedure with few problems. Cases that are anticipated to be very challenging may be scheduled for an open cholecystectomy or sent to a more skilled surgeon. Objective: This paper aims to assess a cross-sectional study of risk factors in patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Patients and methods: This paper contributed to conduct a cross-sectional study of risk factors in patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy, which was done for all patients (50 cases) who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy in different hospitals in Iraq from the 18^{th of} July 2021 to the 25^th August 2022. This paper was analysed all patients with cholecystectomy into ages above 30 years to below 60 years to determine the complications impact on cholecystectomy patients before and after laparoscopic cholecystectomy operation and the role of risk factors on patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy operation. The examination of data was estimated and applied on the SPSS program. Results and discussion: Age of 60 or more, male gender, concomitant disease, history of severe cholecystitis, prior surgery on the abdomen, gall bladder wall thickness of 4-5 mm, constricted gall bladder, and impact stone are only a few of the indicators for problematic LC that have been cited in the literature. In other searches, it was discovered that male patients presented with symptoms later than female ones. The probable cause might be that minor symptoms receive less attention, which delays presentation until the disease has advanced. Other research has referred to this circumstance. We did not consider the surgeon’s expertise as a predictor because, at our hospital, LC is frequently done by consultant surgeons. However, several research continued to point to surgeons’ lack of operational expertise being a risk factor for challenging LC. Conclusions: Pericholecystic adhesions and adhesions at the triangle of calot are brought on by chronic gall bladder inflammation, which makes it more difficult to dissect the gallbladder under laparoscopic surgery and raises the risk of bleeding and harm to adjacent structures. As a result, adhesion at Calot’s triangle is another important that has been highlighted in several research, including ours

Keywords

laparoscopic cholecystectomy; Complications; BMI; and Hypertension