AI and Robotics in Surgical Procedures Enhancing Precision and Outcomes

Abstract

Objective: The primary objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of major themes within artificial intelligence (AI), with a specific focus on its applications and limitations in the field of surgery. The paper aims to elucidate the key capabilities of AI, facilitating surgeons in comprehending and critically assessing novel AI applications while contributing to the ongoing developments in this evolving domain. Summary Background Data: Artificial Intelligence (AI) encompasses diverse subfields, each offering potential solutions to clinical challenges. The core subfields explored in this review have found application not only in the medical domain but also in other industries, including autonomous cars, social networks, and deep learning computers. This versatility underscores the broad impact and cross-industry relevance of AI technologies. Methods: To achieve a comprehensive understanding of artificial intelligence (AI) and its impact on various sectors, a thorough review of AI literature spanning computer science, statistics, and medical sources was undertaken. The goal was to identify pivotal concepts and techniques within AI that drive innovation across diverse industries, with a specific focus on its applications in surgery. Additionally, the review delved into the critical examination of limitations and challenges associated with the practical implementation of AI across these fields. Result: The review identified four key subfields within Artificial Intelligence (AI): Machine Learning, Artificial Neural Networks, Natural Language Processing, and Computer Vision. These subfields were found to be crucial components with significant relevance to surgical practice. The examination not only outlined their current applications but also provided insights into their potential future contributions, particularly in areas such as big data analytics and clinical decision support systems. The discussion extended to the broader implications of AI for surgeons, emphasizing their pivotal role in advancing technology to enhance clinical effectiveness. In summary, the results highlighted the transformative potential of AI in shaping the landscape of surgical practices and underscored the importance of surgeon involvement in this technological evolution. Conclusions: Surgeons emerge as key facilitators for the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into contemporary medical practices. The recommendation is for surgeons to establish collaborative partnerships with data scientists, facilitating the capture of comprehensive data across various phases of patient care. This collaboration aims to provide crucial clinical context, recognizing AI’s potential to revolutionize the methodologies of teaching and practicing surgery. The envisioned outcome is a future optimized for the delivery of the highest quality patient care, signifying the transformative impact AI can have on the field of surgery under the guidance and collaboration of skilled medical professionals